அன்பை பரப்புவோம் & போதிப்போம்
Thursday, November 5, 2015
Monday, February 22, 2010
X plan achievements
X plan achievements
Drip irrigation
Experiments in Meppadi showed that fertigation in ten splits at NK2O ratio 4:3 and 1:1 with 2 mm watering daily led to an increase in yield compared to broadcasting of NK as per standard recommendation.
In Vandiperiyar the experiments showed that variable round of irrigation with fertigation in ten splits (N:K2O 1:1) and 2 mm water on alternate days resulted in significant increase in yield when compared to control.
In Koppa region of Karnataka the experimental blocks which received 2 mm irrigation on alternate days along with fertigation in 10 splits (NK2O 1:1) showed an increased yield and the blocks which received fertigation in 10 splits at NK2O ratio 4:3 under 6 mm irrigation once a week showed an increase in yield.
In Nilgiris region the blocks which received 2 mm irrigation daily with NK broadcasting as per standard recommendation showed an increase in yield compared to fertigation in 10 splits at NK2O 4:3 and 1:1.
Sprinkler irrigation
The experimental blocks in Wayanad which received irrigation at 6.25 cm/ha at 20 days interval, showed an increase in yield compared to control.
Sprinkler irrigation at 6.25 cm/ha at 20 days interval was found suitable for Vandiperiyar area.
Sprinkler irrigation at 6.25 cm/ha at 20 days interval was found most suitable for Koppa region.
In the case of Nilgiris variable rounds as per evapotranspiration was superior when compared to all other treatments.
Fertigation Vs Nitate Reductase (NR) activity
The application of micronutrients along with Mo imparted special benefits over control in terms of increased NR activity which reflected in increased amino acid contents in shoots of Chinary type clones.
In general china type seedlings did not respond well to foliar application of micronutrients with and without Mo, while Assam seedlings responded well.
NR activity was higher at 4:3 NK application when compared to 1:1 ratio. Fertigation in ten splits in variable rounds resulted in higher amount of NR activity when compared to all other treatments.
Micro nutrient toxicity in tea
Iron toxicity symptoms first appeared in the bottommost leaves and intermittent yellowing on leaf surface was noted during the initial stages. Coppery red discoloration was observed at the final stage.
Critical toxicity limit for iron content in leaf, stem and root of tea plant was found to be 1140, 570 and 547 mg kg-1, respectively.
Manganese toxicity symptoms first appeared in the upper tier of leaves. Irregular brown spots all over the leaf surface right from the petiole up to the leaf tip between the marginal veins were seen.
Manganese at 584, 892 and 4784 mg kg-1 was found to be the critical limit for root, stem and leaf, respectively.
Symptoms of aluminium toxicity first appeared on the upper leaf and the leaf colour changed into pale yellow. Total bleaching of chlorophyll pigments was seen in the initial stages and scorching all over the leaf surface especially close to the leaf margin and leaf tip was noticed at later stages. Scorching was noticed in the young leaves.
Critical limit of aluminium content in plant parts are 11572, 2328 and 5182 mg Al kg-1 in root, stem and leaf, respectively.
The study revealed that the entire south Indian tea soils fall under low magnesium category and soil application of magnesium salt is necessary to get sustainable yield.
The micro nutrients like zinc, iron, copper, manganese, aluminum and molybdenum content in tea soil and plant materials did not show any significant correlation with productivity level.
· The bushes which received kieserite (Equivalent to 2 Kg Mg/ha/Yr in two splits) showed a significant increase in TF content compared to control while TR, HPS, TLC were high only under standard practice (200 kg MgSO4/ha/Yr in two splits).
· The cost benefit ratio for soil application of magnesium sulphate was most favorable when compared to all other treatments.
· Soil application of 35 kg zinc sulphate showed a significant increase in thearubigins, total liquor colour, highly polymerized substances and caffeine while theaflavins content was high only in standard treatment.
· Based on infusion, colour, strength and briskness of tea liquor, foliar application of chelated zinc @ 1.5 kg/ha/yr was the best in terms of total marks and price realized followed by standard practice. The cost benefit ratio was 1:3.
· Application of molybdenum (100 ppm) along with standard practice resulted in a metallic flavour with consequent decrease in price.
Dr S Venkatesan, Dr KV Hemalatha and Dr S Jayaganesh
Drip irrigation
Experiments in Meppadi showed that fertigation in ten splits at NK2O ratio 4:3 and 1:1 with 2 mm watering daily led to an increase in yield compared to broadcasting of NK as per standard recommendation.
In Vandiperiyar the experiments showed that variable round of irrigation with fertigation in ten splits (N:K2O 1:1) and 2 mm water on alternate days resulted in significant increase in yield when compared to control.
In Koppa region of Karnataka the experimental blocks which received 2 mm irrigation on alternate days along with fertigation in 10 splits (NK2O 1:1) showed an increased yield and the blocks which received fertigation in 10 splits at NK2O ratio 4:3 under 6 mm irrigation once a week showed an increase in yield.
In Nilgiris region the blocks which received 2 mm irrigation daily with NK broadcasting as per standard recommendation showed an increase in yield compared to fertigation in 10 splits at NK2O 4:3 and 1:1.
Sprinkler irrigation
The experimental blocks in Wayanad which received irrigation at 6.25 cm/ha at 20 days interval, showed an increase in yield compared to control.
Sprinkler irrigation at 6.25 cm/ha at 20 days interval was found suitable for Vandiperiyar area.
Sprinkler irrigation at 6.25 cm/ha at 20 days interval was found most suitable for Koppa region.
In the case of Nilgiris variable rounds as per evapotranspiration was superior when compared to all other treatments.
Fertigation Vs Nitate Reductase (NR) activity
The application of micronutrients along with Mo imparted special benefits over control in terms of increased NR activity which reflected in increased amino acid contents in shoots of Chinary type clones.
In general china type seedlings did not respond well to foliar application of micronutrients with and without Mo, while Assam seedlings responded well.
NR activity was higher at 4:3 NK application when compared to 1:1 ratio. Fertigation in ten splits in variable rounds resulted in higher amount of NR activity when compared to all other treatments.
Micro nutrient toxicity in tea
Iron toxicity symptoms first appeared in the bottommost leaves and intermittent yellowing on leaf surface was noted during the initial stages. Coppery red discoloration was observed at the final stage.
Critical toxicity limit for iron content in leaf, stem and root of tea plant was found to be 1140, 570 and 547 mg kg-1, respectively.
Manganese toxicity symptoms first appeared in the upper tier of leaves. Irregular brown spots all over the leaf surface right from the petiole up to the leaf tip between the marginal veins were seen.
Manganese at 584, 892 and 4784 mg kg-1 was found to be the critical limit for root, stem and leaf, respectively.
Symptoms of aluminium toxicity first appeared on the upper leaf and the leaf colour changed into pale yellow. Total bleaching of chlorophyll pigments was seen in the initial stages and scorching all over the leaf surface especially close to the leaf margin and leaf tip was noticed at later stages. Scorching was noticed in the young leaves.
Critical limit of aluminium content in plant parts are 11572, 2328 and 5182 mg Al kg-1 in root, stem and leaf, respectively.
The study revealed that the entire south Indian tea soils fall under low magnesium category and soil application of magnesium salt is necessary to get sustainable yield.
The micro nutrients like zinc, iron, copper, manganese, aluminum and molybdenum content in tea soil and plant materials did not show any significant correlation with productivity level.
· The bushes which received kieserite (Equivalent to 2 Kg Mg/ha/Yr in two splits) showed a significant increase in TF content compared to control while TR, HPS, TLC were high only under standard practice (200 kg MgSO4/ha/Yr in two splits).
· The cost benefit ratio for soil application of magnesium sulphate was most favorable when compared to all other treatments.
· Soil application of 35 kg zinc sulphate showed a significant increase in thearubigins, total liquor colour, highly polymerized substances and caffeine while theaflavins content was high only in standard treatment.
· Based on infusion, colour, strength and briskness of tea liquor, foliar application of chelated zinc @ 1.5 kg/ha/yr was the best in terms of total marks and price realized followed by standard practice. The cost benefit ratio was 1:3.
· Application of molybdenum (100 ppm) along with standard practice resulted in a metallic flavour with consequent decrease in price.
Dr S Venkatesan, Dr KV Hemalatha and Dr S Jayaganesh
Monday, May 19, 2008
National level publications
1. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2005. Zinc toxicity, symptoms and consequences. News letter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, (15) pp 1-2.
2. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2006. Influence of iron on certain biochemical parameters and activities of enzymes. News letter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, (16-1) pp 4.
3. S. Jayaganesh and S. Venkatesan, 2006. Magnesium adsorption characteristics of south Indian tea soils. Journal of Plantation crops, 34 286-289.
4. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2006. Characterisation of iron toxicity and its influence on nutrient uptake in tea. Journal of Plantation crops, 34 263-267.
5. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2006. Influence of excess manganese on certain antioxidant enzymes and biochemical parameters of tea. News letter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, (16-2) pp 6.
6. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha, S. Jayaganesh, and N. Palani. 2007. Characterization of Aluminium toxicity and its influence on enzyme and biochemical parameters in tea. News letter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, (17-1).
2. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2006. Influence of iron on certain biochemical parameters and activities of enzymes. News letter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, (16-1) pp 4.
3. S. Jayaganesh and S. Venkatesan, 2006. Magnesium adsorption characteristics of south Indian tea soils. Journal of Plantation crops, 34 286-289.
4. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2006. Characterisation of iron toxicity and its influence on nutrient uptake in tea. Journal of Plantation crops, 34 263-267.
5. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2006. Influence of excess manganese on certain antioxidant enzymes and biochemical parameters of tea. News letter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, (16-2) pp 6.
6. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha, S. Jayaganesh, and N. Palani. 2007. Characterization of Aluminium toxicity and its influence on enzyme and biochemical parameters in tea. News letter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, (17-1).
My International Publication
International level
1. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha S. Jayaganesh, 2006. Zinc toxicity and its influence on nutrient uptake in tea, American Journal of Plant Physiology. 2: 185-192.
2. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2007. Characterization of manganese toxicity and its influence on nutrient uptake, antioxidant enzymes and biochemical parameters in tea. Research Journal of Phyto chemistry 1: 52-60.
3. S. Venkatesan, V. K. Senthurpandian and S. Jayaganesh, 2007. Calcium and magnesium releasing capacity of Latosols under tea cultivation in south India. (Accepted in International Journal Agricultural Research).
1. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha S. Jayaganesh, 2006. Zinc toxicity and its influence on nutrient uptake in tea, American Journal of Plant Physiology. 2: 185-192.
2. S. Venkatesan, K. V. Hemalatha and S. Jayaganesh, 2007. Characterization of manganese toxicity and its influence on nutrient uptake, antioxidant enzymes and biochemical parameters in tea. Research Journal of Phyto chemistry 1: 52-60.
3. S. Venkatesan, V. K. Senthurpandian and S. Jayaganesh, 2007. Calcium and magnesium releasing capacity of Latosols under tea cultivation in south India. (Accepted in International Journal Agricultural Research).
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